While SARS-CoV-2 has been the focus of everyone’s attention since December of 2019 and continues to impact people’s health around the world, coronaviruses are not a new concern to those studying and responding to emerging diseases and outbreaks. Prior to the pandemic, outbreaks caused by coronaviruses, such as MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-1, presented threats to public health and safety.
In November of 2022, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) arrived in Peru, triggering massive pelican and sea lion die-offs. This publication reports genomic characterization of HPAI/H5N1 viruses in two species of marine mammals (dolphins and sea lions) and three species of seabirds (sanderlings, pelicans, and cormorants). These viruses are rapidly accruing mutations that warrant further examination and highlight an urgent need for active local surveillance to manage outbreaks and limit spillover into other species, including humans.
In June of this year, the EpiCenter for EID Intelligence team gathered for the 2023 CREID Annual Meeting, a network-level meeting that brought together all ten CREID Research Centers, the coordinating center, representatives from NIAID, and numerous stakeholder groups. This year, fifteen members of the EpiCenter attended the meeting, providing an invaluable opportunity for our project leads from Peru, Uganda, and the United States to meet in person for the first time since the project's launch in 2020.
A virus previously found only in bats was detected in the antibodies of people screened for exposure to sarbecoviruses between 2017 and 2020 in rural Myanmar in Southeast Asia, according to a study from the University of California, Davis and collaborators in Myanmar and Singapore. The work is published in the International Journal of Infectious Diseases.
New publication led by OHI's Dr. Tierra Smiley Evans highlights the importance of conducting surveillance of peri-urban primates in regions of high arbovirus transmission.
Myanmar is among the least studied but most heavily forested region in Asia, and CHIKV, ZIKV, DENV and JEV are highly endemic in humans. Scientists investigated whether Myanmar peri-urban primates, living near the largest urban city of Yangon, are exposed to arboviruses of public health concern and could be sources of spillover or recipients of spillback of human pathogenic arboviral diseases.
Studying emerging infectious diseases at the interface of humans, animals and the environment takes collaboration, local experts and perseverance.
Watching the mist roll over the tea fields and cross into the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest in Uganda, it seems impossible to imagine that the looming vines and canopy standing in front of us is not an impermeable wall dividing humans from the animals and microbes of the forest. A team of One Health scientists studying zoonotic disease knows otherwise.
Tool Helps Quantify Zoonotic Risk, Focus Priorities for Viral and Wildlife Surveillance.
In the past decade, scientists have described hundreds of novel viruses with the potential to pass between wildlife and humans. But how can they know which are riskiest for spillover and therefore which to prioritize for further surveillance in people?
Scientists from the University of California, Davis created network-based models to prioritize novel and known viruses for their risk of zoonotic transmission, which is when infectious diseases pass between animals and humans.
